Allele: Two or more molecular forms of a gene
Allele Frequency: Relative abundances of each kind of allele among all the individuals of a population.
Antibiotic: Metabolic product of soil microbes that kills bacterial competitors for nutrients.
Balanced Polymorphism: Form of selection in which two or more alleles are being maintained in a population.
Biogeography: Scientific study of the world distribution of species.
Bottleneck: Severe reduction in the size of a population.
Catastrophism: Idea that abrupt changes in the geologic or fossil record.
Comparative: Scientific study of comparable body parts of adults
morphology
Directional: Mode of natural selection by which allele frequencies underlying a range of phenotypic variation
selection
Disruptive Selection: Mode of natural selection by which the different forms of a trait at both ends of the range of variation.
Evolution: Genetic change in a line of descent.
Fitness: Increase in adaptation to environment.
Fixation: Loss of all but one kind of allele at a gene locus .
Fossil: Physical evidence of an organism that lived in the distant past.
Founder Effect: A form of bottlenecking.
Gene Flow: Microevolutionary process; alleles enter and leave a population.
Gene Pool: All genotypes in a population.
Genetic Drift: Change in allele frequencies over the generations due to chance alone.
Gentic Equilibrium: a state in which a population is not evolving.
Hardy- : Allele frequencies stay the same over the generations when there is no mutation
Weinberg Rule
Inbreeding: Nonrandom mating among close relatives
Lethal Mutation. Mutation with drastic effects on phenotype
Microevolution: any change in allele frequencies resulting from mutation, genetic drift, etc.
Mutation Rate: the probability that a spontaneous mutation will occur during DNA replication cycles.
Natural Selection: the outcome of differences in survival and reproduction among individuals that differ in details of heritable traits.
Neutral Mutation: A mutation with little or no effect on phenotype.
Polymorphism: The persistence of two or more different forms of a trait.
Population: All individuals of the same species.
Sampling Error: All individuals of the same species for an experimental group.
Sexual Selection: a type of selection that favors a trait giving an individual a competitive edge.
Stabalizing Selection: Mode of natural selection by which intermediate phenotypes are favored and extremes at both ends are eliminated.
Theory of Uniformity: Early theory that the earth's surface changes in gradual, uniformly repetitive ways.
